EinsteinFieldEquation · section of the QIQT-H book
QIQTH.EinsteinFieldEquation
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EinsteinFieldEquation · entries 83–93 of 1000
Definition 83 (div02). source ↗
Raised divergence ∇^μ X_{μν} = g^{μρ} ∇_ρ X_{μν} of a (0,2) tensor field.
div02nggiXνx:=μ∑ρ∑gμρ(x)⋅∇2ggiXρμνx
Used by div02_add, div02_scalar_metric, divRiemann_trace_eq, twice_contracted_bianchi, einstein_field_equation, einstein_field_equation_real, einstein_field_equation_real_global, jacobson_einstein_equation_of_state, and 10 more.
Lemma 84 (div02_add). source ↗
The raised divergence is additive in the tensor field.
(∀(abρ:Finn),PdiffAt(λy↦Xyab)ρx)→(∀(abρ:Finn),PdiffAt(λy↦Yyab)ρx)→∀(ν:Finn),(∇⋅λyab↦Xyab+Yyab)ν(x)=(∇⋅X)ν(x)+(∇⋅Y)ν(x)
Proof. By pd, pd_add, christoffel, covDeriv02. □
Used by einstein_field_equation, div02_kgStress_eq.
Lemma 85 (div02_scalar_metric). source ↗
The divergence of f·g is ∂_ν f. Metric compatibility kills the connection terms; the inverse metric collapses the contraction. (This is what makes the cosmological-constant term Λ·g covariantly constant.)
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→∀(f:Mn→R)(x:Mn),(∀(ρ:Finn),PdiffAtfρx)→(∀(abρ:Finn),PdiffAt(λy↦gab(y))ρx)→∀(ν:Finn),(∇⋅λyab↦fy⋅gab(y))ν(x)=∂ν(f)(x)
Proof. By pd_mul, christoffel, covDeriv02, metric_compat. □
Used by einstein_field_equation, div02_kgStress_eq.
Lemma 86 (divRiemann_trace_eq). source ↗
T3 of the twice-contracted Bianchi: ∑_ρ ∑_{σν} g^{σν} ∇_ρ R^ρ_{σνλ} = −∇^μ Ric_{μλ}. Sum gi_trace_covDerivRiem_ricci over ρ and match −div02(ricci) (raised Ricci divergence) term-by-term via sum_comm + metric symmetry.
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(abc:Finn),(λy↦Γbca(y))∈C∞)→∀(λ:Finn)(x:Mn),ρ∑σ∑ν∑gσν(x)⋅∇Riemggiρρσνλx=−(∇⋅λyab↦Rab(y))λ(x)
Proof. By pd, covDeriv02, gi_trace_covDerivRiem_ricci. □
Used by twice_contracted_bianchi.
Lemma 87 (twice_contracted_bianchi). source ↗
The twice-contracted (second) Bianchi identity ∇^μ Ric_{μλ} = ½ ∂_λ R — the contracted Bianchi ∇^μ G_{μλ}=0 in trace form. Obtained by contracting second_bianchi_contracted with g^{σν}: the three traced terms are ∂_λR (gi_trace_covDeriv_ricci), div02(ricci) (the Ricci divergence), and −div02(ricci) (divRiemann_trace_eq), giving ∂_λR − div02 − div02 = 0. Machine-checked, axiom-free — this discharges the bianchi hypothesis of einstein_field_equation.
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(abc:Finn),(λy↦Γbca(y))∈C∞)→∀(λ:Finn)(x:Mn),(∇⋅λyab↦Rab(y))λ(x)=1/2⋅∂λ(λy↦R(y))(x)
Proof. By covDeriv02, covDerivRiem, second_bianchi_contracted, gi_trace_covDeriv_ricci, divRiemann_trace_eq. □
Used by einstein_field_equation_real.
Lemma 88 (metric_contraction_trace). source ↗
The metric–inverse-metric trace is the dimension: g^{μν} g_{μν} = n. Contracting the metric with its inverse over both indices yields ∑_μ δ^μ_μ = n (the number of dimensions).
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→∀(x:Mn),μ∑ν∑gμν(x)⋅gμν(x)=n
Proof. Immediate from the definitions. □
Used by hreg_kg.
Lemma 89 (einstein_field_equation). source ↗
The Einstein field equation as the thermodynamic equation of state (Jacobson, PRL 1995), completed: from the post-crux relation + conservation + contracted Bianchi + metric compatibility, a·T_{μν} = G_{μν} + Λ·g_{μν} with Λ := f + ½R covariantly constant. The cited physics (Clausius/Raychaudhuri → crux, conservation → conserv) and the geometry (contracted Bianchi → bianchi) are explicit labeled hypotheses; the closure is machine-checked, axiom-free. tr is the scalar curvature R.
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→∀(TRic:Mn→Finn→Finn→R)(ftr:Mn→R)(a:R)(x:Mn),(∀(ρ:Finn),PdiffAtfρx)→(∀(ρ:Finn),PdiffAttrρx)→(∀(abρ:Finn),PdiffAt(λy↦gab(y))ρx)→(∀(abρ:Finn),PdiffAt(λy↦Ricyab)ρx)→(∀(y:Mn)(a′b:Finn),a⋅Ta′b(y)=Ricya′b+fy⋅ga′b(y))→(∀(ν:Finn),(∇⋅λya′b↦a⋅Ta′b(y))ν(x)=0)→(∀(ν:Finn),(∇⋅Ric)ν(x)=1/2⋅∂ν(tr)(x))→(∀(μν:Finn),a⋅Tμν(x)=Ricxμν−1/2⋅trx⋅gμν(x)+(fx+1/2⋅trx)⋅gμν(x))∧∀(ν:Finn),∂ν(λy↦fy+1/2⋅try)(x)=0
Proof. By pd_add, pd_const_mul, mul, div02_add, div02_scalar_metric. □
Used by einstein_field_equation_real.
Lemma 90 (einstein_field_equation_real). source ↗
The Einstein field equation from the thermodynamic equation of state — with the ACTUAL curvature. Instantiating einstein_field_equation at Ric = ricci g gi, R = scalarCurv g gi, and discharging the bianchi hypothesis with the machine-checked twice_contracted_bianchi (∇^μRic=½∂R). The conclusion now features the genuine Einstein tensor einsteinTensor = Ric − ½R·g: a·T_{μν} = G_{μν} + Λ·g_{μν}, Λ := f + ½R covariantly constant. The ONLY remaining hypotheses are the cited physics — the post-crux Clausius relation a·T = Ric + f·g (area law + Unruh + Raychaudhuri, supplied as crux) and local conservation ∇^μ(aT)=0 (conserv). Everything geometric is now proven; axiom-free.
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(abc:Finn),(λy↦Γbca(y))∈C∞)→∀(T:Mn→Finn→Finn→R)(f:Mn→R)(a:R)(x:Mn),(∀(ρ:Finn),PdiffAtfρx)→(∀(y:Mn)(a′b:Finn),a⋅Ta′b(y)=Ra′b(y)+fy⋅ga′b(y))→(∀(ν:Finn),(∇⋅λya′b↦a⋅Ta′b(y))ν(x)=0)→(∀(μν:Finn),a⋅Tμν(x)=Gμν(x)+(fx+1/2⋅R(x))⋅gμν(x))∧∀(ν:Finn),∂ν(λy↦fy+1/2⋅R(y))(x)=0
Proof. By PdiffAt_of_contDiff, mul, PdiffAt_sum, PdiffAt_ricci, twice_contracted_bianchi, einstein_field_equation. □
Used by einstein_field_equation_real_global.
Lemma 91 (einstein_field_equation_real_global). source ↗
The Einstein field equation with a GENUINE cosmological constant. If the cited physics holds at every point (crux everywhere — it already is — and conserv everywhere), then Λ := f + ½R is a true constant (not just covariantly constant at a point), by const_of_pd_zero on the connected domain Point n. The Einstein field equation holds globally: a·T_{μν} = G_{μν} + Λ·g_{μν} for a single constant Λ. Axiom-free; the only hypotheses are the cited physics + smoothness of f + ½R.
(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(ab:Finn),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(ab:Finn),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(abc:Finn),(λy↦Γbca(y))∈C∞)→∀(T:Mn→Finn→Finn→R)(f:Mn→R)(a:R),(∀(x:Mn)(ρ:Finn),PdiffAtfρx)→(DifferentiableRλy↦fy+1/2⋅R(y))→(∀(y:Mn)(a′b:Finn),a⋅Ta′b(y)=Ra′b(y)+fy⋅ga′b(y))→(∀(x:Mn)(ν:Finn),(∇⋅λya′b↦a⋅Ta′b(y))ν(x)=0)→∃Λ,∀(x:Mn)(μν:Finn),a⋅Tμν(x)=Gμν(x)+Λ⋅gμν(x)
Proof. By pd, const_of_pd_zero, einstein_field_equation_real. □
Used by jacobson_einstein_equation_of_state.
Lemma 92 (crux_of_pernull). source ↗
Phase 3 — wire the per-null Clausius relation to the tensor crux. This derives the crux hypothesis (a·T = R + f·g) used everywhere above, from the genuinely primitive per-null Clausius relation: at each point, the heat tensor a·T − R vanishes on the entire null cone of the metric g x. That per-null relation is exactly Jacobson’s premise (the Clausius relation δQ = TδS imposed on every local Rindler horizon, with horizon entropy ∝ area). The upgrade from per-null-direction to a tensor is the algebraic crux, here for the general (curved) Lorentzian metric via symmTensor_eq_smul_metric_of_null_general — the Lorentzian structure enters as the pointwise congruence to Minkowski g x = Pᵀ·η·P (Sylvester’s law). …
(∀(x:M4)(a′b:Fin4),Ta′b(x)=Tba′(x))→(∀(x:M4)(a′b:Fin4),Ra′b(x)=Rba′(x))→∀(PPinv:M4→Fin4→Fin4→R),(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),k∑Pik(x)⋅(P−1)kj(x)=δij)→(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),k∑(P−1)ik(x)⋅Pkj(x)=δij)→(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),gij(x)=k∑l∑Pki(x)⋅ηkl⋅Plj(x))→(∀(x:M4)(v:Fin4→R),(gx)(v,v)=0→(λa′b↦a⋅Ta′b(x)−Ra′b(x))(v,v)=0)→∃f,∀(x:M4)(a′b:Fin4),a⋅Ta′b(x)=Ra′b(x)+fx⋅ga′b(x)
Proof. By symmTensor_eq_smul_metric_of_null_general. □
Used by jacobson_einstein_equation_of_state.
Lemma 93 (jacobson_einstein_equation_of_state). source ↗
THE END-TO-END THEOREM — Jacobson’s Einstein equation of state, wired together
jacobson_einstein_equation_of_state is the single theorem assembling the whole derivation: from the per-null Clausius relation (Jacobson’s one physics premise) to the Einstein field equation with a genuine cosmological constant, a·T_{μν} = G_{μν} + Λ·g_{μν}. It composes the two halves — crux_of_pernull (front) and einstein_field_equation_real_global (back) — through the proportionality scalar f. …
(∀(y:M4)(ab:Fin4),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:M4)(ab:Fin4),gab(y)=gba(y))→(∀(y:M4)(ab:Fin4),σ∑gaσ(y)⋅gσb(y)=δab)→(∀(ab:Fin4),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(ab:Fin4),(λy↦gab(y))∈C∞)→(∀(abc:Fin4),(λy↦Γbca(y))∈C∞)→∀(T:M4→Fin4→Fin4→R)(a:R),(∀(x:M4)(a′b:Fin4),Ta′b(x)=Tba′(x))→(∀(x:M4)(a′b:Fin4),Ra′b(x)=Rba′(x))→∀(PPinv:M4→Fin4→Fin4→R),(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),k∑Pik(x)⋅(P−1)kj(x)=δij)→(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),k∑(P−1)ik(x)⋅Pkj(x)=δij)→(∀(x:M4)(ij:Fin4),gij(x)=k∑l∑Pki(x)⋅ηkl⋅Plj(x))→(∀(x:M4)(v:Fin4→R),(gx)(v,v)=0→(λa′b↦a⋅Ta′b(x)−Ra′b(x))(v,v)=0)→(∀(f:M4→R),(∀(y:M4)(a′b:Fin4),a⋅Ta′b(y)=Ra′b(y)+fy⋅ga′b(y))→(∀(x:M4)(ρ:Fin4),PdiffAtfρx)∧DifferentiableRλy↦fy+1/2⋅R(y))→(∀(x:M4)(ν:Fin4),(∇⋅λya′b↦a⋅Ta′b(y))ν(x)=0)→∃Λ,∀(x:M4)(μν:Fin4),a⋅Tμν(x)=Gμν(x)+Λ⋅gμν(x)
Proof. By einstein_field_equation_real_global, crux_of_pernull. □
Used by qiqt_bekenstein_gives_gr.
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